What is Mesothelioma Cancer?
This classification of tumors originated from mesothelial cells. The tumor appears on the lining of the lungs, heart, and midsection like the stomach. This is a fatal disease. This is the most aggressive cancer. The lungs are the organ in the human body that affect specifically. This cancer generates from the tiny membrane of tissues.
This thin layer surrounds the many other body portions. Mesothelioma is a very rapid growth of destructive cells of cancer. The depth of this disease is completely painful. Mesothelioma is a killing disease.
What are additional words used for mesothelioma cancer?
Pleural mesothelioma and malignant mesothelioma are the names that are used for this deadly disease.
Was it necessary to find the types of mesothelioma cancer?
Yes, research is essential. Research shows that the part of the body is damaged by cancer and distinguishing the extent and severity of cancer. Therapies are given to their patients according to the class. Science has improved to cure this cancer as soon as possible by distributing it into types.
How many types have been discovered of mesothelioma?
There are 7 subtypes of mesothelioma is detected by the latest research.
1. Pleural mesothelioma- It is the most ordinary kind of this malignant condition. In this type of cancer, the chest lining or pleural lining is affected. pleural accounts for 73% to 75% of cases of mesothelioma.
2. Peritoneal mesothelioma- The region of this mesothelioma is the lining of the stomach (abdomen, peritoneum). Almost 10% to 20% of cases occur in this fatal disease. Peritoneal type is slightly less researchable than the pleural malignant.
3. Testicular mesothelioma- This type of mesothelioma is considerably rare. Maximum 90 and less than 90 cases affected by this kind of cancer. In this category, linning generated in tunica vaginalis coated the testes.
4. Pericardial mesothelioma- Pericardial mesothelioma is also an extensively rare type. Almost less than150 cases were confirmed. The lining is beginnings from the heart and the whole heart is prematurely get damaged.
5. Epithelioid mesothelioma- This mesothelioma affected the epithelium and epithelioid cells. The lining developed from the epithelium cells around the lungs.
6. Sarcomatoid mesothelioma- This is particularly rare. The lining of Sarcomatoid cells is firstly affected by this mesothelioma. 10% to 20% of cases result in this category.
7. Biphasic mesothelioma- This type is extremely rare. In this kind, both the epithelium and sarcomatoid cells get destroyed. Maximum accounts for 20% of cases of this mesothelioma.
Why mesothelioma is extremely rare?
This category of cancer originated from the mesothelial cells lining the peritoneum and the pleura. The tumor involves both layers of the pleura and as it grows it obliterates the pleural cavity, compressing the lung. Lymph and blood-spread metastases are typically found in the hilar and mesenteric lymph nodes, the other lung, liver, thyroid, and adrenal glands, bone, skeleton muscle, and the brain.
Causes of Mesothelioma Cancer
Asbestos inhalation is the fundamental cause of mesothelioma. Ionizing radiations, immune system dysfunction, former injury near the heart and stomach also become tumors. This tumor is linked with previous exposure to asbestos dust. The lungs and abdomen lining were totally damaged by asbestos fibers. The asbestos workers and people living near asbestos mines and factories. Smoking multiplies the risk of mesothelioma several folds in people exposed to asbestos. It is usually associated with blue asbestos (crocidolite fibers).
Early Symptoms of Mesothelioma The symptoms that are given below are for all classes of mesothelioma
shortness of breath, chest pain weight loss, fever, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, bloating, swelling, abnormal heart rate, cough, painless lumps of testes, scrotal node, night sweats, fluid flow around lungs, and other affected organs decrease the stamina and weakness in muscles.
New discoveries in the determination of Mesothelioma Most cancers are diagnosed by biopsy and also mesothelioma is confirmed by biopsy. Depending upon the location of the tumor, the biopsy is may be simple or a serious method of detection. Most patients with cancer undergo a CT scan is to determine the actual site of tumors. The other methods are chest X-Ray, computerized axial tomography.
Whether researchers have originated a definite treatment for cancer and are Mesothelioma curable disease?
No, the researchers still couldn’t discover a definite treatment for this mesothelioma, and also the mesothelioma is not curable at any first, second, third, and fourth stage. But the experimenters work 24×7 hours to find out the therapy to control and treat this deadly disease.
Major research centers in the U.S for Mesothelioma > M D Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston
> Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston.
> Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston.
> Lung Institute at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston.
> H. Lee Moffit Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.
Affective therapy for Mesothelioma Cancer
Heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy – This therapy is most effective for mesothelioma. By this heated drugs are interested in the damaged area. This treatment is given after the surgery. Cell destruction in this chemotherapy follows the first order of kinetics I.e. total no. of cancer cells are killed. Heated drugs are the most potent agents that act on rapidly multiplying cells, malignant as well as normal cells. If the total no. of cells in the body is 1 million and 10% killed following a course of chemotherapy then 100,000 will be killed if it is 1000 then only 100 will be killed.
Immunotherapy – Immunotherapy is the use of the immune mechanism against mesothelioma. This therapy stimulates the immune system of a cancer patient. In most cases, it works to treat mesothelioma. But sometimes it has been not able to cure mesothelioma. Major immunotherapy agents are Opdivo and Yervoy are easily available. Keytruda drug is mostly used in immunotherapy.
> Radiotherapy- It is also called radiation therapy, irradiation, and X-ray therapy. Its use is to kill the cancer cells and shrink the tumor. This therapy is administered externally by External beam radiotherapy and internally by Brachytherapy. Radiation dose to each site depends on the radiosensitivity of each type of cancer cell which is nearby might be damaged by radiation.
The surgical procedures are-
- Pleurectomy
- Extrapleural pneumonectomy
- Many other therapies like gene therapy, photodynamic therapy are applied to the patients, etc.
•Survival rates of mesothelioma -
About 45% of patients of mesothelioma will survive for 12 months.
•Pleural mesothelioma- At the first and second stages with treatment 3-4 years and at 4th stage maximum 1 year.
•Peritonial mesothelioma- With Heated intraperitoneal therapy can survive for a maximum of 5 years.
•Pericardial mesothelioma- the patient can survive for 6weaks to 1 year.
• Testicular mesothelioma- The patient who affected with this kind of mesothelioma can survive for 12 months to 24 months.
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